Battery panels, controllers, batteries, inverters and load pumps are in series.

This statement must be incorrect.

Now the application of solar cells is really the combination mode of these things.

Joint power supply, also known as solar cells

For example, the Yangtze River has a large flow if it rises.

The flow of the Yangtze River must be diverted. This shunt recharges the battery.

When the Yangtze River is running out of water

The waters of those small rivers converge to the Yangtze River again.

This summary is the process of combined power supply.

The principle is: when the light source is sufficient, the solar cell supplies the load and recharges the battery.

When the light source is insufficient, solar cells and storage batteries supply power to the load.

Charging while discharging refers to the discharge of the load while the solar cell charges the battery.

But it can't be that the battery charges and discharges at the same time.